Ultrasonic surgical instrument with removable handle assembly

ABSTRACT

An apparatus comprises a body, an ultrasonic transducer assembly, a shaft assembly, and a coupling assembly. The shaft assembly comprises an acoustic waveguide that is operable to selectively couple with the ultrasonic transducer assembly. The coupling assembly is operable to selectively transition between a first mode and a second mode. The acoustic waveguide is configured to rotate with the transducer assembly relative to the body when the coupling assembly is in the first mode. The acoustic waveguide is configured to rotate relative to the transducer assembly and relative to the body when the coupling assembly is in the second mode. The coupling assembly is further configured to prevent the transducer assembly from rotating relative to the body when the coupling assembly is in the second mode. The shaft assembly and the end effector are also together configured to transition between an operational mode and a cleaning mode.

PRIORITY

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Pat. App. No. 61/946,168, entitled “Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument with Removable Handle Assembly,” filed Feb. 28, 2014, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

BACKGROUND

A variety of surgical instruments include an end effector having a blade element that vibrates at ultrasonic frequencies to cut and/or seal tissue (e.g., by denaturing proteins in tissue cells). These instruments include piezoelectric elements that convert electrical power into ultrasonic vibrations, which are communicated along an acoustic waveguide to the blade element. The precision of cutting and coagulation may be controlled by the surgeon's technique and adjusting the power level, blade edge, tissue traction and blade pressure.

Examples of ultrasonic surgical instruments include the HARMONIC ACE® Ultrasonic Shears, the HARMONIC WAVE® Ultrasonic Shears, the HARMONIC FOCUS® Ultrasonic Shears, and the HARMONIC SYNERGY® Ultrasonic Blades, all by Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. of Cincinnati, Ohio. Further examples of such devices and related concepts are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,322,055, entitled “Clamp Coagulator/Cutting System for Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments,” issued Jun. 21, 1994, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pat. No. 5,873,873, entitled “Ultrasonic Clamp Coagulator Apparatus Having Improved Clamp Mechanism,” issued Feb. 23, 1999, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pat. No. 5,980,510, entitled “Ultrasonic Clamp Coagulator Apparatus Having Improved Clamp Arm Pivot Mount,” filed Oct. 10, 1997, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pat. No. 6,325,811, entitled “Blades with Functional Balance Asymmetries for use with Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments,” issued Dec. 4, 2001, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pat. No. 6,773,444, entitled “Blades with Functional Balance Asymmetries for Use with Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments,” issued Aug. 10, 2004, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; and U.S. Pat. No. 6,783,524, entitled “Robotic Surgical Tool with Ultrasound Cauterizing and Cutting Instrument,” issued Aug. 31, 2004, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

Still further examples of ultrasonic surgical instruments are disclosed in U.S. Pub. No. 2006/0079874, entitled “Tissue Pad for Use with an Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument,” published Apr. 13, 2006, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pub. No. 2007/0191713, entitled “Ultrasonic Device for Cutting and Coagulating,” published Aug. 16, 2007, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pub. No. 2007/0282333, entitled “Acoustic waveguide and Blade,” published Dec. 6, 2007, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pub. No. 2008/0200940, entitled “Ultrasonic Device for Cutting and Coagulating,” published Aug. 21, 2008, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0105750, entitled “Ergonomic Surgical Instruments,” published Apr. 23, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,623,027, issued Jan. 7, 2014, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pub. No. 2010/0069940, entitled “Ultrasonic Device for Fingertip Control,” published Mar. 18, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,023,071, issued May 5, 2015, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; and U.S. Pub. No. 2011/0015660, entitled “Rotating Transducer Mount for Ultrasonic Surgical Instruments,” published Jan. 20, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,461,744, issued Jun. 11, 2013, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; and U.S. Pub. No. 2012/0029546, entitled “Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument Blades,” published Feb. 2, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,951,536, issued Nov. 26, 2013, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

Some of ultrasonic surgical instruments may include a cordless transducer such as that disclosed in U.S. Pub. No. 2012/0112687, entitled “Recharge System for Medical Devices,” published May 10, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,381,058, issued Jul. 5, 2016, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; U.S. Pub. No. 2012/0116265, entitled “Surgical Instrument with Charging Devices,” published May 10, 2012, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; and/or U.S. Pat. App. No. 61/410,603, filed Nov. 5, 2010, entitled “Energy-Based Surgical Instruments,” the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

Additionally, some ultrasonic surgical instruments may include an articulating shaft section. Examples of such ultrasonic surgical instruments are disclosed in U.S. Pub. No. 2014/0005701, entitled “Surgical Instruments with Articulating Shafts,” published Jan. 2, 2014, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,393,037, issued Jul. 19, 2016, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein; and U.S. Pub. No. 2014/0114334, published Apr. 24, 2014, entitled “Flexible Harmonic Waveguides/Blades for Surgical Instruments,” now U.S. Pat. No. 9,095,367, issued Aug. 4, 2015, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

While several surgical instruments and systems have been made and used, it is believed that no one prior to the inventors has made or used the invention described in the appended claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

While the specification concludes with claims which particularly point out and distinctly claim this technology, it is believed this technology will be better understood from the following description of certain examples taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals identify the same elements and in which:

FIG. 1 depicts a side elevational view of an exemplary ultrasonic surgical instrument;

FIG. 2 depicts a perspective view of the instrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 depicts a perspective view of the instrument of FIG. 1, with a disposable portion separated from a reusable portion;

FIG. 4 depicts a perspective view of an end effector of the instrument of FIG. 1, in an open configuration;

FIG. 5 depicts a partially exploded view of the end effector of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6A depicts a side elevational view of the end effector of FIG. 4, in the open configuration;

FIG. 6B depicts a side elevational view of the end effector of FIG. 4, in a closed configuration;

FIG. 7 depicts a side cross-sectional view of the end effector of FIG. 4, in the open configuration;

FIG. 8 depicts a side elevational view of the reusable portion of the instrument of FIG. 1, with a housing half removed;

FIG. 9 depicts a perspective view of the disposable portion of the instrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 depicts a perspective view of the proximal end of the disposable portion of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 depicts a perspective view of an outer tube from a shaft assembly of the disposable portion of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 depicts a perspective view of the proximal portion of the outer tube of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 depicts a perspective view of an inner tube from the shaft assembly of the disposable portion of FIG. 9;

FIG. 14 depicts a perspective view of the proximal portion of the inner tube of FIG. 13;

FIG. 15 depicts a cross-sectional perspective view of the inner tube of FIG. 13, taken along line 15-15 of FIG. 13;

FIG. 16 depicts an exploded view of the proximal portion of the outer tube of FIG. 11, the proximal portion of the inner tube of FIG. 13, and the proximal portion of an acoustic waveguide from the shaft assembly of the disposable portion of FIG. 9;

FIG. 17 depicts a partially exploded view of the components of FIG. 16, with the waveguide inserted in the inner tube;

FIG. 18 depicts a perspective view of the components of FIG. 16 assembled together;

FIG. 19 depicts a proximal end of the shaft assembly of the disposable portion of FIG. 9;

FIG. 20 depicts a partially exploded view of the shaft assembly of FIG. 19;

FIG. 21 depicts a side cross-sectional view of the shaft assembly of FIG. 19;

FIG. 22 depicts a perspective view of a mode selection knob of the shaft assembly of FIG. 19;

FIG. 23 depicts another perspective view of the knob of FIG. 22;

FIG. 24 depicts a perspective view of a coupling member of the shaft assembly of FIG. 19;

FIG. 25 depicts an elevational view of the distal end of the coupling member of FIG. 24;

FIG. 26 depicts a perspective view of a mode drive member of the shaft assembly of FIG. 19;

FIG. 27 depicts another perspective view of the mode drive member of FIG. 26;

FIG. 28 depicts a perspective view of an inner tube grounding member of the shaft assembly of FIG. 19;

FIG. 29 depicts another perspective view of the grounding member of FIG. 28;

FIG. 30 depicts a perspective view of a portion of the shaft assembly of FIG. 19, showing the coupling member of FIG. 24, the mode drive member of FIG. 26, the grounding member of FIG. 28, and the waveguide;

FIG. 31 depicts a perspective view of the components of FIG. 30, along with the knob of FIG. 22, a return spring, the outer tube of FIG. 11, and a flush port member;

FIG. 32 depicts a top plan view of the components of FIG. 31;

FIG. 33 depicts a cross-sectional view of the components of FIG. 31, taken along line 33-33 of FIG. 32;

FIG. 34 depicts a cross-sectional view of the components of FIG. 31, taken along line 34-34 of FIG. 32;

FIG. 35 depicts a cross-sectional view of the components of FIG. 31, taken along line 35-35 of FIG. 32;

FIG. 36A depicts a partial perspective view of the disposable portion of FIG. 9, with the end effector in the open configuration and the mode selection knob in a non-actuated position;

FIG. 36B depicts a partial perspective view of the disposable portion of FIG. 9, with the end effector in a cleaning mode and the mode selection knob in an actuated position;

FIG. 37 depicts a side cross-sectional view of the end effector of FIG. 4 in the cleaning mode;

FIG. 38A depicts a top plan view of the proximal portion of the disposable portion of FIG. 9, with the mode selection knob in the non-actuated position;

FIG. 38B depicts a top plan view of the proximal portion of the disposable portion of FIG. 9, with the mode selection knob in the actuated position;

FIG. 39A depicts a side cross-sectional view of the proximal portion of the disposable portion of FIG. 9, with the mode selection knob in the non-actuated position;

FIG. 39B depicts a side cross-sectional view of the proximal portion of the disposable portion of FIG. 9, with the mode selection knob in the actuated position;

FIG. 40A depicts an enlarged side cross-sectional view of sealing features in the proximal portion of the disposable portion of FIG. 9, in a regular operation mode;

FIG. 40B depicts an enlarged side cross-sectional view of the sealing features of FIG. 40A, in the cleaning mode;

FIG. 41A depicts an enlarged side cross-sectional view of mode selection components in the proximal portion of the disposable portion of FIG. 9, in a regular operation mode;

FIG. 41B depicts an enlarged side cross-sectional view of the mode selection components of FIG. 41A, at a first stage during a transition from the regular operation mode to the cleaning mode;

FIG. 41C depicts an enlarged side cross-sectional view of the mode selection components of FIG. 41A, at a second stage during a transition from the regular operation mode to the cleaning mode;

FIG. 41D depicts an enlarged side cross-sectional view of the mode selection components of FIG. 41A, fully transitioned to the cleaning mode;

FIG. 42 depicts a partially exploded view of the proximal portion of the disposable portion of FIG. 9, showing trigger components;

FIG. 43 depicts a partially exploded view of outer tube actuation components of the disposable portion of FIG. 9;

FIG. 44A depicts a side elevational view of the proximal portion of the disposable portion of FIG. 9, with a housing half removed, showing a trigger in a non-actuated position and a button in a non-actuated position;

FIG. 44B depicts a side elevational view of the components of FIG. 44A, showing the trigger in an actuated position and the button in the non-actuated position;

FIG. 44C depicts a side elevational view of the components of FIG. 44A, showing the trigger in the actuated position and the button in an actuated position;

FIG. 45 depicts a perspective view of the reusable portion of the instrument of FIG. 1;

FIG. 46 depicts a perspective view of the instrument of FIG. 1, with a region of the reusable portion of FIG. 45 cut away to reveal positioning of components within the reusable portion;

FIG. 47 depicts a perspective view of the reusable portion of FIG. 45 with a housing half removed;

FIG. 48 depicts a perspective view of a generator module and ultrasonic transducer assembly of the reusable portion of FIG. 45;

FIG. 49 depicts a side cross-sectional view of the components of FIG. 48;

FIG. 50 depicts an exploded view of the components of FIG. 48;

FIG. 51 depicts an exploded view of torque wrench assembly associated with the ultrasonic transducer assembly of FIG. 48;

FIG. 52 depicts a perspective view of a pawl ring of the torque wrench assembly of FIG. 51;

FIG. 53 depicts another perspective view of the pawl ring of FIG. 52;

FIG. 54 depicts a cross-sectional view of the pawl ring of FIG. 52, taken along line 54-54 of FIG. 55;

FIG. 55 depicts a cross-sectional view of the pawl ring of FIG. 52, taken along line 55-55 of FIG. 54;

FIG. 56 depicts a cross-sectional view of the pawl ring of FIG. 52, taken along line 56-56 of FIG. 55;

FIG. 57 depicts a perspective view of a sliding rotary drive member of the torque wrench assembly of FIG. 51;

FIG. 58 depicts a cross-sectional view of the drive member of FIG. 57, taken along line 58-58 of FIG. 59;

FIG. 59 depicts a cross-sectional view of the drive member of FIG. 57, taken along line 59-59 of FIG. 58;

FIG. 60A depicts a partial, side elevational view of the reusable portion of FIG. 45, with a housing half removed;

FIG. 60B depicts a partial, side elevational view of the reusable portion of FIG. 45, with a housing half removed, and with the disposable portion of FIG. 9 inserted into a recess of the reusable portion;

FIG. 60C depicts a partial, side elevational view of the reusable portion of FIG. 45, with a housing half removed, with the disposable portion of FIG. 9 inserted into the recess of the reusable portion, and with the transducer assembly fully coupled with the waveguide;

FIG. 61A depicts a partial, side cross-sectional view of the reusable portion of FIG. 45;

FIG. 61B depicts a partial, side cross-sectional view of the reusable portion of FIG. 45, with the disposable portion of FIG. 9 inserted into a recess of the reusable portion;

FIG. 61C depicts a partial, side cross-sectional view of the reusable portion of FIG. 45, with the disposable portion of FIG. 9 inserted into the recess of the reusable portion, and with the transducer assembly fully coupled with the waveguide;

FIG. 62A depicts a cross-sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 60B, taken along line 62-62 of FIG. 60B, with the drive member of FIG. 57 in a first angular position;

FIG. 62B depicts a cross-sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 60B, taken along line 62-62 of FIG. 60B, with the drive member of FIG. 57 in a second angular position;

FIG. 62C depicts a cross-sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 60B, taken along line 62-62 of FIG. 60B, with the drive member of FIG. 57 in a third angular position;

FIG. 62D depicts a cross-sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 60B, taken along line 62-62 of FIG. 60B, with the drive member of FIG. 57 in a fourth angular position;

FIG. 62E depicts a cross-sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 60B, taken along line 62-62 of FIG. 60B, with the drive member of FIG. 57 in a fifth angular position;

FIG. 62F depicts a cross-sectional view of the assembly of FIG. 60B, taken along line 62-62 of FIG. 60B, with the drive member of FIG. 57 in a sixth angular position;

FIG. 63 depicts partial side elevational view of the pawl ring of FIG. 52 and the drive member of FIG. 57, with the drive member of FIG. 57 in the fifth angular position associated with FIG. 62E;

FIG. 64 depicts a partial, side elevational view of the reusable portion of FIG. 45, with a housing half removed, with the disposable portion of FIG. 9 inserted into a recess of the reusable portion, with the transducer assembly fully coupled with the waveguide; and with the pawl ring of FIG. 52 slid to a proximal position to enable decoupling of the waveguide from the transducer assembly;

FIG. 65 depicts a perspective view of an exemplary alternative ultrasonic surgical instrument;

FIG. 66 depicts a perspective view of the instrument of FIG. 65, with a disposable portion separated from a reusable portion;

FIG. 67 depicts a perspective view of the disposable portion of the instrument of FIG. 65;

FIG. 68 depicts an enlarged perspective view of a proximal portion of the disposable portion of FIG. 67;

FIG. 69 depicts a side elevational view of a housing half of the disposable portion of FIG. 67;

FIG. 70 depicts a perspective view of the housing half of FIG. 69;

FIG. 71 depicts an exploded view of the disposable portion of FIG. 67;

FIG. 72 depicts a perspective view of a selective coupling assembly of the disposable portion of FIG. 67;

FIG. 73 depicts a side cross-sectional view of the selective coupling assembly of FIG. 72;

FIG. 74 depicts a perspective view of the reusable portion of the instrument of FIG. 65, with a housing half removed;

FIG. 75 depicts a perspective view of a pawl ring of the reusable portion of FIG. 74;

FIG. 76 depicts a perspective view of the pawl ring of FIG. 75;

FIG. 77 depicts a perspective view of the pawl ring of FIG. 75;

FIG. 78 depicts a side elevational view of the pawl ring of FIG. 75

FIG. 79A depicts a partial perspective view of the reusable portion of FIG. 65, with a housing half removed;

FIG. 79B depicts a partial perspective view of the reusable portion of FIG. 65, with a housing half removed, and with the disposable portion of FIG. 67 inserted into a recess of the reusable portion;

FIG. 79C depicts a partial perspective view of the reusable portion of FIG. 65, with a housing half removed, with the disposable portion of FIG. 67 inserted into the recess of the reusable portion, and with the selective coupling assembly of FIG. 72 slid to a proximal position to engage the pawl ring of FIG. 75;

FIG. 79D depicts a partial perspective view of the reusable portion of FIG. 65, with a housing half removed, with the disposable portion of FIG. 67 inserted into the recess of the reusable portion, and with the transducer assembly fully coupled with the waveguide;

FIG. 80A depicts a partial, side elevational view of the reusable portion of FIG. 65, with a housing half removed;

FIG. 80B depicts a partial, side elevational view of the reusable portion of FIG. 65, with a housing half removed, and with the disposable portion of FIG. 67 inserted into a recess of the reusable portion;

FIG. 80C depicts a partial, side elevational view of the reusable portion of FIG. 65, with a housing half removed, with the disposable portion of FIG. 67 inserted into the recess of the reusable portion, and with the selective coupling assembly of FIG. 72 slid to a proximal position to engage the pawl ring of FIG. 75;

FIG. 80D depicts a partial, side elevational view of the reusable portion of FIG. 65, with a housing half removed, with the disposable portion of FIG. 67 inserted into the recess of the reusable portion, and with the transducer assembly fully coupled with the waveguide;

FIG. 81 depicts a perspective view of the proximal end of an exemplary alternative disposable portion of the instrument of FIG. 1; and

FIG. 82 depicts a perspective view of the proximal end of another exemplary alternative disposable portion of the instrument of FIG. 1.

The drawings are not intended to be limiting in any way, and it is contemplated that various embodiments of the technology may be carried out in a variety of other ways, including those not necessarily depicted in the drawings. The accompanying drawings incorporated in and forming a part of the specification illustrate several aspects of the present technology, and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the technology; it being understood, however, that this technology is not limited to the precise arrangements shown.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description of certain examples of the technology should not be used to limit its scope. Other examples, features, aspects, embodiments, and advantages of the technology will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description, which is by way of illustration, one of the best modes contemplated for carrying out the technology. As will be realized, the technology described herein is capable of other different and obvious aspects, all without departing from the technology. Accordingly, the drawings and descriptions should be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

It is further understood that any one or more of the teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc. described herein may be combined with any one or more of the other teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc. that are described herein. The following-described teachings, expressions, embodiments, examples, etc. should therefore not be viewed in isolation relative to each other. Various suitable ways in which the teachings herein may be combined will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the claims.

For clarity of disclosure, the terms “proximal” and “distal” are defined herein relative to a human or robotic operator of the surgical instrument. The term “proximal” refers the position of an element closer to the human or robotic operator of the surgical instrument and further away from the surgical end effector of the surgical instrument. The term “distal” refers to the position of an element closer to the surgical end effector of the surgical instrument and further away from the human or robotic operator of the surgical instrument.

I. Overview Exemplary Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument

FIGS. 1-3 show an exemplary ultrasonic surgical instrument (10) that is configured to be used in minimally invasive surgical procedures (e.g., via a trocar or other small diameter access port, etc.). As will be described in greater detail below, instrument (10) is operable to cut tissue and seal or weld tissue (e.g., a blood vessel, etc.) substantially simultaneously. Instrument (10) of this example comprises a disposable assembly (100) and a reusable assembly (200). The distal portion of reusable assembly (200) is configured to removably receive the proximal portion of disposable assembly (100), as seen in FIGS. 2-3, to form instrument (10).

In an exemplary use, assemblies (100, 200) are coupled together to form instrument (10) before a surgical procedure, the assembled instrument (10) is used to perform the surgical procedure, and then assemblies (100, 200) are decoupled from each other for further processing. In some instances, after the surgical procedure is complete, disposable assembly (100) is immediately disposed of while reusable assembly (200) is sterilized and otherwise processed for re-use. By way of example only, reusable assembly (200) may be sterilized in a conventional relatively low temperature, relatively low pressure, hydrogen peroxide sterilization process. Alternatively, reusable assembly (200) may be sterilized using any other suitable systems and techniques (e.g., autoclave, etc.). In some versions, reusable assembly (200) may be sterilized and reused approximately 100 times. Alternatively, reusable assembly (200) may be subject to any other suitable life cycle. For instance, reusable assembly (200) may be disposed of after a single use, if desired. While disposable assembly (100) is referred to herein as being “disposable,” it should be understood that, in some instances, disposable assembly (100) may also be sterilized and otherwise processed for re-use. By way of example only, disposable assembly (100) may be sterilized and reused approximately 2-30 times, using any suitable systems and techniques. Alternatively, disposable assembly (100) may be subject to any other suitable life cycle.

In some versions, disposable assembly (100) and/or reusable assembly (200) includes one or more features that are operable to track usage of the corresponding assembly (100, 200), and selectively restrict operability of the corresponding assembly (100, 200) based on use. For instance, disposable assembly (100) and/or reusable assembly (200) may include one or more counting sensors and a control logic (e.g., microprocessor, etc.) that is in communication with the counting sensor(s). The counting sensor(s) may be able to detect the number of times the ultrasonic transducer of instrument (10) is activated, the number of surgical procedures the corresponding assembly (100, 200) is used in, the number of trigger closures, and/or any other suitable conditions associated with use. The control logic may track data from the counting sensor(s) and compare the data to one or more threshold values. When the control logic determines that one or more threshold values have been exceeded, the control logic may execute a control algorithm to disable operability of one or more components in the corresponding assembly (100, 200). In instances where the control logic stores two or more threshold values (e.g., a first threshold for number of activations and a second threshold for number of surgical procedures, etc.), the control logic may disable operability of one or more components in the corresponding assembly (100, 200) the first time one of those thresholds is exceeded, or on some other basis.

In versions where a control logic is operable to disable instrument (10) based on the amount of use, the control logic may also determine whether instrument (10) is currently being used in a surgical procedure, and refrain from disabling instrument (10) until that particular surgical procedure is complete. In other words, the control logic may allow the operator to complete the current surgical procedure but prevent instrument (10) from being used in a subsequent surgical procedure. Various suitable forms that counters or other sensors may take will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. Various suitable forms that a control logic may take will also be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. Similarly, various suitable control algorithms that may be used to restrict usage of instrument (10) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. Of course, some versions of instrument (10) may simply omit features that track and/or restrict the amount of usage of instrument (10).

Disposable assembly (100) of the present example comprises a body portion (110), a shaft assembly (150) extending distally from body portion (110), and an end effector (180) located at the distal end of shaft assembly (150). As best seen in FIGS. 4-7, end effector (180) of this example comprises a clamp arm (182) and an ultrasonic blade (190). Clamp arm (182) includes a clamp pad (184), which faces blade (190). As shown in FIGS. 6A-6B and as will be described in greater detail below, clamp arm (182) is pivotable toward and away from blade (190) to selectively compress tissue between clamp pad (184) and blade (190). As seen in FIG. 7, blade (190) is an integral feature of the distal end of an acoustic waveguide (192), which extends coaxially through tubes (152, 170), and which is configured to communicate ultrasonic vibrations to blade (190) as will be described in greater detail below.

Shaft assembly (150) comprises an outer tube (152) and an inner tube (170). Outer tube (152) is operable to translate longitudinally relative to inner tube (170) to selectively pivot clamp arm (182) toward and away from blade (190). To accomplish this, and as best seen in FIGS. 5 and 7, integral pin features (186) of clamp arm (182) pivotally secure a first portion of clamp arm (182) to a distally projecting tongue (154) of outer tube (152); while an inserted pin (188) pivotally secures a second portion of clamp arm (182) to a distally projecting tongue (172) of inner tube (170). Thus, as can be seen in the transition from FIG. 6A to FIG. 6B, tubes (152, 170) cooperate to pivot clamp arm (182) toward blade (190) when outer tube (152) is retracted proximally relative to inner tube (170). It should be understood that clamp arm (182) may be pivoted back away from blade (190) (e.g., from the position shown in FIG. 6B to the position shown in FIG. 6A) by translating outer tube (152) distally relative to inner tube (170), in reverse of the operation shown in FIGS. 6A-6B. In an exemplary use, clamp arm (182) may be pivoted toward blade (190) to grasp, compress, seal, and sever tissue captured between clamp pad (184) and blade (190). Clamp arm (182) may be pivoted away from blade (190) to release tissue from between clamp pad (184) and blade (190); and/or to perform blunt dissection of tissue engaging opposing outer surfaces of clamp arm (182) and blade (190).

As seen in FIG. 8, reusable assembly (200) comprises a handle housing (202). While FIG. 8 only shows one housing (202), FIGS. 2-3 show how a pair of complementary housings (202) are joined together. Housing (202) defines a pistol grip (204), an upper window (206), and a distal recess (208). While reusable assembly (200) includes a pistol grip (204) in this example, it should be understood that any other suitable kind of grip may be used. Housing (202) of the present example also includes several integral bosses (210, 212, 214, 216) that provide support for additional components as will be described in greater detail below, such that housing (202) serves as a chassis for components contained within housing (202). As also shown in FIG. 8, reusable assembly (200) includes a battery (205), a generator (230), an ultrasonic transducer assembly (240), and a torque wrench assembly (260). As will be described in greater detail below, battery (205) is operable to provide electrical power to generator (230); generator (230) is operable to provide electrical power to ultrasonic transducer assembly (240); ultrasonic transducer assembly is operable to convert electrical power into ultrasonic vibrations; and torque wrench assembly (260) is operable to mechanically and acoustically couple waveguide (192) with ultrasonic transducer assembly (240).

When waveguide (192) is sufficiently coupled with transducer assembly (240), ultrasonic vibrations that are generated by transducer assembly (240) are communicated along waveguide (192) to reach blade (190). In the present example, the distal end of blade (190) is located at a position corresponding to an anti-node associated with resonant ultrasonic vibrations communicated through waveguide (192), in order to tune the acoustic assembly to a preferred resonant frequency f_(o) when the acoustic assembly is not loaded by tissue. When transducer assembly (240) is energized, the distal end of blade (190) is configured to move longitudinally in the range of, for example, approximately 10 to 500 microns peak-to-peak, and in some instances in the range of about 20 to about 200 microns at a predetermined vibratory frequency f_(o) of, for example, 55.5 kHz. When transducer assembly (240) of the present example is activated, these mechanical oscillations are transmitted through waveguide (192) to reach blade (190), thereby providing oscillation of blade (190) at the resonant ultrasonic frequency. Thus, when tissue is secured between blade (190) and clamp pad (184), the ultrasonic oscillation of blade (190) may simultaneously sever the tissue and denature the proteins in adjacent tissue cells, thereby providing a coagulative effect with relatively little thermal spread. In some versions, an electrical current may also be provided through blade (190) and/or clamp pad (184) to also seal the tissue.

Further exemplary features and operabilities for disposable assembly (100) and reusable assembly (200) will be described in greater detail below, while other variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

II. Disposable Assembly of Exemplary Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument

FIGS. 9-10 show disposable assembly (100) in greater detail. As noted above, disposable assembly (100) of the present example comprises body portion (110), shaft assembly (150), and end effector (180). As shown in FIG. 10, body portion (110) comprises a pair of housing halves (112, 114), a trigger (120), and a button (126). Trigger (120) includes an integral tab (122) that protrudes proximally from housing halves (112, 114), as will be described in greater detail below. Similarly, the proximal end of an arm (128) associated with button (126) protrudes proximally from housing halves (112, 114), as will also be described in greater detail below. As also shown in FIGS. 9-10. Further exemplary features and operabilities for disposable assembly (100) will be described in greater detail below, while other variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

A. Shaft Assembly of Disposable Assembly

FIGS. 11-30 show various components of shaft assembly (150) in greater detail. As noted above, shaft assembly (150) of the present example comprises outer tube (152), inner tube (170), and waveguide (192). Referring back to FIGS. 9-10, a knob (156) is secured to outer tube (152) and is thereby operable to rotate the entire shaft assembly (150) relative to body (110) as will be described in greater detail below. As shown in FIGS. 11-12, the proximal end of outer tube (152) includes an integral flange (158) and a ring (160) that is spaced distally from flange (158). Ring (160) is fixedly secured to outer tube (152). The proximal end of outer tube (152) also includes an annular indentation (161), a distal side opening (162), a pair of lateral side openings (164), upper and lower side openings (166), and a pin side opening (168).

As shown in FIGS. 13-15, inner tube (170) includes an oblique flat (174), a flush side opening (176), and a pin side opening (178). Inner tube (170) further includes a pair of proximally projecting resilient arms (181). Each arm (181) defines a respective pin opening (183). The free end (185) of each arm (181) is flared outwardly. Arms (181) are resiliently biased to assume the positions shown in FIGS. 13-15, yet arms (181) are configured to flex outwardly as will be described in greater detail below. As best seen in FIG. 14, inner tube (170) also includes an annular indentation (171).

As shown in FIG. 16, the proximal end of waveguide (192) includes a pin (194) disposed transversely through waveguide (192). Pin (194) is located at a longitudinal position corresponding to a node associated with ultrasonic vibrations that are communicated through waveguide (192) when ultrasonic transducer assembly (240) is activated. As best seen in FIGS. 41A-41D, pin is secured in waveguide (192) via a pair of e-clips (197). E-clips (197) are configured to ensure that pin (194) is centered within the corresponding transverse bore formed through waveguide (192), to secure and support pin (194) in that bore, and to provide acoustic isolation between waveguide (192) and pin (194). Of course, any other suitable structures or features may be used in addition to or in lieu of e-clips (197). A threaded stud (196) extends proximally and unitarily from waveguide (192). As will be described in greater detail below, stud (196) is configured to provide a mechanical and acoustic coupling between waveguide (192) and ultrasonic transducer assembly (240).

FIGS. 16-18 depict the coaxial arrangement of outer tube (152), inner tube (170), and waveguide (192). As shown in FIG. 17, pin (194) is received in pin openings (183) of resilient arms (181). Pin (194) thus mechanically couples waveguide (192) with inner tube (170), such that inner tube (170) and waveguide (192) rotate unitarily with each other, and such that inner tube (170) and waveguide (192) do not translate relative to each other, when pin (194) is disposed in pin openings (183). While waveguide (192) is mechanically coupled with inner tube (170), waveguide (192) is not acoustically coupled with inner tube (170) in this example. In particular, as noted above, pin (194) is located at a longitudinal position corresponding to a node associated with ultrasonic vibrations that are communicated through waveguide (192). Moreover, resilient arms (181) are configured such that resilient arms (181) do not contact waveguide (192), even when pin (194) is disposed in pin openings (183). In some versions, a plurality of annular sealing members (e.g., o-rings, etc.) are positioned at other nodal positions along the length of waveguide (192). Such annular sealing members may provide additional points of contact between waveguide (192) and inner tube (170), yet such annular sealing members would not transmit acoustic vibrations from waveguide (192) to inner tube (170) since such annular sealing members would be located at longitudinal positions corresponding to nodes associated with ultrasonic vibrations that are communicated through waveguide (192). Other suitable structures and relationships between waveguide (192) and inner tube (170) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

As shown in FIG. 18, when waveguide (192) and inner tube (170) are fully inserted in outer tube (152), resilient arms (181) are positioned to correspond with upper and lower side openings (166). As will be described in greater detail below with reference to FIGS. 41A-41D, upper and lower side openings (166) provide clearance for resilient arms (181) to flex outwardly to release pin (194) when shaft assembly (150) is transitioned to a cleaning mode. Also in the present example, pin side opening (178) of inner tube (170) aligns with pin side opening (168) of outer tube (152) when inner tube (170) is fully inserted in outer tube (152). This allows inner tube (170) to be coupled with outer tube (152) via a pin (not shown). Due to this coupling, inner tube (170) and outer tube (152) rotate together unitarily. As noted above, inner tube (170) also rotates unitarily with waveguide (192) due to the coupling provided by pin (194). It should therefore be understood that outer tube (152), inner tube (170) and waveguide (192) all rotate together unitarily. It should also be noted that pin side opening (168) of outer tube (152) is elongate, extending longitudinally. This elongate, longitudinal configuration allows outer tube (152) to translate longitudinally relative to inner tube (170), even with a pin disposed in openings (168, 178).

As shown in FIGS. 19-21, a mode selection knob (130) is positioned at the proximal end of shaft assembly (150). As best seen in FIGS. 22-23, mode selection knob (130) includes a proximal flange (132), a distal flange (134), an inner shoulder (136), and a distal edge (138). Referring back to FIGS. 19-21, a coil spring (131) is coaxially positioned about mode selection knob (130). Coil spring (131) is longitudinally interposed between housing halves (112, 114) and proximal flange (132). Coil spring (131) thereby biases mode selection knob (130) proximally. Distal flange (134) is captured within assembled housing halves (112, 114) and thereby provides retention preventing mode selection knob (130) from disengaging housing halves (112, 114) under the resilient bias of coil spring (131).

As also shown in FIGS. 20-21, a coupling member (140) is coupled with mode selection knob (130). As best seen in FIGS. 24-25, coupling member (140) includes an outer flange (142), a set of longitudinally extending snapping arms (144), an inner flange (146), and a set of openings (148) formed through inner flange (146). Referring back to FIGS. 20-21, coupling member (140) is coupled with mode selection knob (130) such that inner shoulder (136) of mode selection knob (130) is captured between outer flange (142) and snapping arms (144). Coupling member (140) is thus secured to mode selection knob (130) in a snap fitting.

As also shown in FIGS. 20-21, a mode drive member (141) is coupled with coupling member (140). As best seen in FIGS. 26-27, mode drive member (141) comprises a set of proximally extending fingers (143), a pair of outwardly extending upper and lower tabs (145), a pair of outwardly extending lateral tabs (147), and a pair of elongate longitudinal slots (149) proximal to lateral tabs (147). Fingers (143) are disposed within openings (148) of inner flange (146) in coupling member (140), with the proximal end of mode drive member (141) contacting the distal face of inner flange (146). In some versions, fingers (143) are secured within openings (148) through an interference fitting. Upper and lower tabs (145) are positioned to correspond with resilient arms (181) as will be described in greater detail below. Lateral tabs (147) are positioned to extend through lateral side openings (164) of outer tube (152). Referring back to FIGS. 11-12, lateral side openings (164) are both elongate, extending longitudinally. This elongate, longitudinal configuration allows mode drive member (141) to translate longitudinally relative to outer tube (152), even with lateral tabs (147) disposed in lateral side openings (164). The positioning of lateral tabs (147) in lateral side openings (164) nevertheless provides unitary rotation of mode drive member (141) with outer tube (152).

As also shown in FIGS. 20-21, an inner tube grounding member (173) is disposed within inner tube (170). As best seen in FIGS. 28-29, grounding member (173) includes a pair of longitudinally extending slots (175), a pair of outwardly extending lateral tabs (177), and a pin side opening (179). As best seen in FIG. 30, slots (175) are configured to receive pin (194) of waveguide (192). The elongate, longitudinal configuration of slots (175) allows pin (194) and, hence, waveguide (192), to translate longitudinally relative to grounding member (173) and inner tube (170); yet also provides unitary rotation of pin (194) and waveguide (192) with grounding member (173) and inner tube (170). As also best seen in FIG. 30, lateral tabs (177) of grounding member (173) are slidably disposed in elongate longitudinal slots (149) of mode drive member (141). The longitudinal configuration of slots (149) allows lateral grounding member (173) and inner tube (170) to translate longitudinally relative to mode drive member (141); yet also provides unitary rotation of lateral grounding member (173) with mode drive member (141). Pin side opening (179) of grounding member (173) is positioned to align with pin side opening (178) of inner tube (170) when grounding member (173) is fully inserted within inner tube (170). As noted above, a pin (not shown) is disposed in pin side opening (178), coupling inner tube (170) with outer tube (152). This same pin is further disposed in pin side opening (179) of grounding member (173). This pin thereby provides unitary fixation of inner tube (170) with grounding member (173); and unitary rotation of grounding member (173) with inner tube (170).

As best seen in FIG. 21, coil spring (133) is coaxially disposed about the proximal end of waveguide (192). Coil spring (133) is positioned between a proximally facing shoulder (135) formed in the proximal end of grounding member (173) and the distal face of the inner flange (146) of coupling member (140). Coil spring (133) thus biases coupling member (140) and mode drive member (141) proximally relative to grounding member (173). It should be understood that coil spring (133) may provide assistance to coil spring (131) described above. In addition, coil spring (133) allows coupling member (140) to float axially (i.e., such that coil spring (133) does not have an axial force bias. This may in turn decrease the torque required by the operator to rotate shaft assembly (150) during a surgical procedure.

Various exemplary functions and operabilities that may be provided by the components of shaft assembly (150) described above will be described in greater detail below. Other functions and operabilities that may be provided by the components of shaft assembly (150) described above will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. Similarly, other features, components, and configurations that may be incorporated into shaft assembly (150) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

B. Cleaning Features of Disposable Assembly

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that one or more components of shaft assembly (150) may experience a buildup of surgical debris when instrument (10) is used in a surgical procedure. By way of example only, one or more components of shaft assembly (150) may experience a buildup of coagulated blood, tissue particles, and/or other kinds of surgical debris. Thus, in some instances, it may be desirable to clean one or more components of shaft assembly (150). By way of example only, after instrument (10) has been used in a surgical procedure, it may be desirable to clean one or more components of shaft assembly (150) before shaft assembly (150) is used in another surgical procedure. In addition or in the alternative, it may be desirable to clean one or more components of shaft assembly (150) in the middle of a surgical procedure. For instance, instrument (10) may be used during a first portion of a surgical procedure, then one or more components of shaft assembly (150) may be cleaned during a pause in the surgical procedure, and then instrument (10) may again be used in a second portion of the same surgical procedure (e.g., on the same day as the first portion of the same surgical procedure and immediately subsequent to the first portion of the same surgical procedure). The below description relates to various features and techniques that may be employed to clean one or more components of shaft assembly (150) at the completion of or during a surgical procedure.

As best seen in FIGS. 31-35, a cleaning port body (151) is disposed about the exterior of inner tube (170). Cleaning port body (151) includes a first port (153) and a second port (155), both of which extend transversely relative to inner tube (170), through distal side opening of outer tube (152). As best seen in FIGS. 33 and 35, first port (153) is in fluid communication with the gap between the inner diameter of inner tube (170) and the outer diameter of waveguide (192). As best seen in FIGS. 34-35, second port (155) is in fluid communication with the gap between the inner diameter of outer tube (152) and the outer diameter of inner tube (170). As also seen in FIGS. 34-35, oblique flat (174) of inner tube (170) directs fluid from second port to the gap between the inner diameter of outer tube (152) and the outer diameter of inner tube (170). It should be understood that ports (153, 155) are in fluid isolation relative to each other, such that second port (155) does not have a path for fluid communication with the gap between the inner diameter of inner tube (170) and the outer diameter of waveguide (192); and such that first port (153) does not have a path for fluid communication with the gap between the inner diameter of outer tube (152) and the outer diameter of inner tube (170).

Each port (153, 155) is configured to couple with a corresponding source of cleaning fluid. For instance, each port (153, 155) may receive a respective flexible tube to provide a fluid path between port (153, 155) and the corresponding source of cleaning fluid. In addition or in the alternative, each port (153, 155) may receive a nipple, fitting associated with syringes, or other feature of a cleaning fluid injecting device. Other suitable ways in which ports (153, 155) may be coupled with respective sources of cleaning fluid will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

Referring back to FIGS. 19-21, knob (156) of the present example includes a sliding shield (157) that is operable to selectively cover and uncover ports (153, 155) as will be described in greater detail below. Shield (157) includes a pair of integral, proximally extending arms (159). The proximal ends of arms (159) are secured to lateral tabs (147) of mode drive member (141). Thus, when mode drive member (141) translates longitudinally relative to other portions of shaft assembly, arms (159) and shield (157) translate with mode drive member (141).

As shown in FIGS. 36A-41D, disposable assembly (100) is configured to transition between an operational mode (FIGS. 36A, 38A, 39A, 40A, and 41A) and a cleaning mode (FIGS. 36B, 37, 38B, 39B, 40B, and 41D). This is accomplished by driving mode selection knob (130) distally relative to housing halves (112, 114). It should therefore be understood that, in the present example, disposable assembly (100) will only transition from the operational mode to the cleaning mode when disposable assembly (100) is decoupled from reusable assembly (200). In some other versions, disposable assembly (100) may transition from an operational mode to a cleaning mode when disposable assembly (100) is coupled with reusable assembly (200). As seen in FIGS. 36B, 37, 38B, 39B, 40B, and 41D, clamp arm (182) pivots to a hyperextended position and blade (190) advances to a distal position when disposable assembly (100) is placed in the cleaning mode. In addition, shield (157) slides distally to reveal ports (153, 155) when disposable assembly (100) is placed in the cleaning mode.

As best seen in FIGS. 38A-38B, when mode selection knob (130) is driven distally to place disposable assembly (100) in the cleaning mode, a latch (116) of housing half (114) engages proximal flange (132) of mode selection knob (130), thereby holding mode selection knob (130) in the distal, cleaning mode position. Latch (116) is resiliently biased to assume the position shown in FIGS. 38A-38B. In the present example, reusable assembly (200) includes a feature that drives latch (116) laterally outwardly when disposable assembly (100) is inserted in distal recess (208) of reusable portion (200). This laterally outward deflection of latch (116) causes latch (116) to release proximal flange (132) of mode selection knob (130). When this occurs, coil spring (131) drives mode selection knob (130) and associated components proximally, thereby transitioning disposable assembly (100) back to the operational mode. Thus, the act of coupling disposable assembly (100) with reusable assembly (200) may automatically transition disposable assembly (100) from the cleaning mode to the operational mode. Alternatively, the operator may manually deflect latch (116) laterally outwardly to release proximal flange (132) of mode selection knob (130), thereby transitioning disposable assembly (100) from the cleaning mode to the operational mode.

Shaft assembly (150) includes various sealing features whose sealing states change when disposable assembly (100) is transitioned between the cleaning mode and the operational mode. In particular, one sealing feature includes a distal seal (193), which is coaxially interposed between the outer diameter of waveguide (192) and the inner diameter of inner tube (170). In the present example, distal seal (193) comprises an elastomeric material (e.g., rubber, silicone, etc.). Distal seal (193) is located at a position corresponding to a node associated with ultrasonic vibrations that are communicated through waveguide (192). As shown in FIG. 7, when disposable assembly (100) is in normal operating mode, distal seal (193) is positioned to prevent proximal egress of fluid through the gap defined between the outer diameter of waveguide (192) and the inner diameter of inner tube (170). As shown in FIG. 37, when disposable assembly (100) is in cleaning mode, distal seal (193) is positioned past a distal edge of inner tube (170), such that distal seal (193) permits cleaning fluid to be communicated distally through the gap defined between the outer diameter of waveguide (192) and the inner diameter of inner tube (170), with the cleaning fluid ultimately exiting at the distal end of inner tube (170). Thus, when disposable assembly (100) is in cleaning mode, an operator may communicate cleaning fluid through port (153), and such cleaning fluid may advance distally and flush out coagulated blood and/or other surgical debris that may have built up in the gap defined between the outer diameter of waveguide (192) and the inner diameter of inner tube (170).

FIGS. 40A-40B show additional sealing features whose sealing states change when disposable assembly (100) is transitioned between the cleaning mode and the operational mode. In particular, a proximal seal (195) is interposed between the inner diameter of outer tube (152) and the outer diameter of inner tube (170). In the present example, proximal seal (195) comprises an elastomeric material (e.g., rubber, silicone, etc.). Proximal seal (195) is secured to the inner diameter of outer tube (152), such that proximal seal (195) translates longitudinally with outer tube (152) relative to inner tube (170). As shown in FIG. 40A, proximal seal (195) seals against the outer diameter of inner tube (170) when disposable assembly (100) is in an operational state. As noted above, instrument (10) may be used in minimally invasive surgical procedures. In some such procedures, instruments are introduced into a patient's abdominal cavity via trocars, and the patient's abdominal cavity is insufflated with pressurized air to improve visualization of and access to organs, etc., within the abdominal cavity. With proximal seal (195) sealing against the outer diameter of inner tube (170) when disposable assembly (100) is in an operational state, and with shaft assembly (150) inserted through a trocar to introduce end effector (180) into a patient's insufflated abdominal cavity, proximal seal (195) may prevent the escape of pressurized air through the gap defined between the inner diameter of outer tube (152) and the outer diameter of inner tube (170). Similarly, distal seal (193) may prevent the escape of pressurized air through the gap defined between the outer diameter of waveguide (192) and the inner diameter of inner tube (170).

When disposable assembly (100) is transitioned to the cleaning mode, as shown in FIG. 40B, proximal seal (195) is positioned in the region corresponding to annular indentation (171) in inner tube (170). Annular indentation (171) provides a gap permitting the communication of cleaning fluid distally through the gap defined between the inner diameter of outer tube (152) and the outer diameter of inner tube (170). As also shown in FIGS. 40A-40B, the distal end of port body (151) includes an annular flange (163) that selectively engages annular indentation (161) of outer tube (152). During the normal operational mode as shown in FIG. 40A, annular flange (163) is disengaged from annular indentation (161). However, during the cleaning mode as shown in FIG. 40B, annular flange (163) engages annular indentation (161), thereby providing a fluid seal. This prevents cleaning fluid from escaping proximally when cleaning fluid is communicated to the gap defined between the inner diameter of outer tube (152) and the outer diameter of inner tube (170). It should be understood from the foregoing that, when disposable assembly (100) is in the cleaning mode, an operator may communicate cleaning fluid through port (155), and such cleaning fluid may advance distally and flush out coagulated blood and/or other surgical debris that may have built up in the gap defined between the inner diameter of outer tube (152) and the outer diameter of inner tube (170).

FIGS. 41A-41D show the interactions between various components of shaft assembly (150) during the transition from the normal operating mode to the cleaning mode. In particular, FIG. 41A shows shaft assembly (150) in the normal operating mode. As shown, waveguide (192) is coupled with inner tube (170) via pin (194) and resilient arms (181). FIG. 41B shows mode selection knob (130) at a first state of distal advancement. As noted above, mode selection knob (130) is coupled with mode drive member (141) via coupling member (140). Thus, distal advancement of mode selection knob (130) to a first state of distal advancement has also driven mode drive member (141) to a first state of distal advancement. At this state, upper and lower tabs (145) have engaged the outwardly flared free ends (185) of resilient arms (181) of inner tube (170). In particular, upper and lower tabs (145) have deflected ends (185) of arms (181) outwardly, to a point where arms (181) have disengaged pin (194) of waveguide (192). As also shown in FIG. 41B, upper and lower side openings (166) of outer tube (152) provide clearance for arms (181) to flex outwardly to release pin (194).

As the operator continues to advance mode selection knob (130) distally, upper and lower tabs (145) of mode drive member (141) engage pin (194) and thereby drive waveguide (192) distally as shown in FIG. 41C. The resilience of arms (181) drives arms (181) back inwardly once upper and lower tabs (145) clear ends (185) of arms (181). During the range of travel from the state shown in FIG. 41B to the state shown in FIG. 41C, waveguide (192) translates distally relative to inner tube (170) but outer tube (152) does not translate distally relative to inner tube (170). However, upon reaching the state shown in FIG. 41C, distal edge (138) of mode selection knob (130) engages flange (158) of outer tube (152). Thus, as the operator continues to advance mode selection knob (130) distally from the state shown in FIG. 41C to the state shown in FIG. 41D, mode selection knob (130) drives outer tube (152) distally relative to inner tube (170). This distal movement of outer tube (152) relative to inner tube (170) drives clamp arm (182) from the open position shown in FIGS. 6A and 7 to the hyperextended position shown in FIGS. 36B and 37. Having clamp arm (182) in a hyperextended position may facilitate access to blade (190) and an adjacent region of waveguide (192), thereby facilitating the cleaning of blade (190) and the adjacent region of waveguide (192). It should also be understood that blade (190) has transitioned from a proximal position as shown in FIGS. 6A-7 to a distal position as shown in FIGS. 36B and 37; and that this distal positioning of blade (190) may also facilitate access to blade (190) and an adjacent region of waveguide (192), thereby facilitating the cleaning of blade (190) and the adjacent region of waveguide (192).

In some variations, inner tube (170) includes a plurality of annular indentations along its length. Such indentations may be similar to indentation (171). As noted above, a plurality of annular sealing members (e.g., o-rings, etc.) may be positioned at nodal positions along the length of waveguide (192). The annular indentations that are spaced along the length of inner tube (170) may correspond to these annular sealing members that are spaced along the length of waveguide (192). In other words, when disposable assembly (100) is in a normal operating mode, annular indentations of inner tube (170) may encompass the annular sealing members along the length of waveguide (192). In some instances, the sealing members of the waveguide (192) may contact inner tube (170) at the annular indentations. As another merely illustrative alternative, there may be a nominal radial clearance (e.g., approximately 0.002 inches, etc.) between the outer diameter of the sealing members and the inner diameter of the annular indentations. In either case, when disposable assembly (100) is transitioned to the cleaning mode, the distal advancement of waveguide (192) relative to inner tube (170) may cause the sealing members to be substantially spaced from the annular indentations, such that the resulting gaps provide a substantially clear path for cleaning fluid to be flushed distally from port (153) through the space between the outer diameter of waveguide (192) and the inner diameter of inner tube (170).

C. Triggering Features of Disposable Assembly

As noted above, body portion (110) of disposable assembly (100) comprises a trigger (120) and a button (126). As shown in FIG. 42, button (126) is pivotally secured to an integral post (115) of housing half (114), such that button (126) is operable to pivot about post (115). Button (126) includes a cross-bar (127), which is received in a slot (129) of arm (128). Arm (128) is slidably positioned in housing half (114) and is guided therein by integral bosses (117) of housing half (114). As button (126) is pressed to pivot button from a non-actuated position (FIG. 44A) to an actuated position (FIG. 44C), cross-bar (127) drives arm (128) proximally. The proximal movement of the proximal end of arm (128) is detected in reusable assembly (200) and thereby activates blade (190) as will be described in greater detail below.

As also shown in FIG. 42, trigger (120) is pivotally secured between housing halves (112, 114) via integral pins (121), such that trigger (120) is operable to pivot about pins (121). Trigger (120) is further coupled with a yoke (123). In particular, integral posts (124) are received in corresponding slots (125) of yoke (123). Due to this arrangement, yoke (123) translates longitudinally relative to housing halves (112, 114) when trigger (120) pivots relative to housing halves (112, 114), as shown in FIGS. 44A-44B. Yoke (123) is captured between flange (158) and ring (160) of outer tube (152). Thus, yoke (123) will drive outer tube (152) to translate relative to body (110) when yoke (123) translates relative to housing halves (112, 114). It should therefore be understood that pivoting of trigger (120) relative to housing halves (112, 114) will cause longitudinal movement of outer tube (152) relative to body (110), thereby pivoting clamp arm (182) toward and away from blade (190). A return spring (118) resiliently biases yoke (123) trigger (120), and outer tube (152) distally, thereby resiliently biasing clamp arm (182) to the normal open position shown in FIG. 6A. As noted above, trigger (120) includes an integral tab (122) that protrudes proximally from housing halves (112, 114). As trigger (120) is pivoted, the corresponding movement of tab (122) is detected in reusable assembly (200) as will be described in greater detail below.

III. Reusable Assembly of Exemplary Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument

FIGS. 45-47 show reusable assembly (200) in greater detail. As noted above, reusable assembly (200) comprises a pair of complementary handle housings (202). Housings (202) together define a pistol grip (204), an upper window (206), and a distal recess (208). Reusable assembly (200) also includes a pair of side buttons (220). Side buttons (220) include proximally extending stems (222). Side buttons (220) are operable to be actuated inwardly relative to housings (202). The inward actuation of side buttons (220) causes corresponding movement of stems (222). Stems (222) are located within a sensor region (224) of reusable assembly (200). In some versions, stems (222) include integral magnets and hall effect sensors are located in sensor region (224). The hall effect sensors are configured to detect actuation of side buttons (220) by detecting field changes caused by movement of the magnets of stems (222). In some other versions, sensor region (224) includes one or more reed switches that are activated by movement of stems (222) caused by actuation of side buttons (220). Other suitable components and techniques that may be used to detect actuation of side buttons (220) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. In some variations, side buttons (220) are incorporated into disposable assembly (100) instead of being incorporated into reusable assembly (200).

As shown in FIG. 46, when body (110) of disposable assembly (100) is inserted in recess (208), the proximal end of tab (122) and the proximal end of arm (128) are also positioned in sensor region (224) of reusable assembly (200). Thus, when trigger (120) is actuated as shown in FIGS. 44A-44B, one or more sensors in sensor region (224) may detect such actuation of trigger (120). Similarly, when button (126) is actuated as shown in FIGS. 44B-44C, one or more sensors in sensor region (224) may detect such actuation of button (126). Such sensors may include one or more hall effect sensors, one or more reed switches, and/or any other suitable kinds of sensors. Various suitable components and techniques that may be used to detect actuation of trigger (120) and button (126) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

When sensors detect actuation of trigger (120), button (126), or buttons (220), such detection may be communicated to generator (230). Generator (230) may include a control logic (e.g., microprocessor, ASIC, and/or other hardware, etc.) that is operable to execute one or more control algorithms in response to actuation of trigger (120), button (126), or buttons (220). Such a control algorithms may also factor in various other conditions, including but not limited to the impedance of tissue engaged by end effector (180). By way of example only, generator (230) may be configured at least partially in accordance a GEN 300 sold by Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. of Cincinnati, Ohio. In addition or in the alternative, generator (230) may be constructed in accordance with at least some of the teachings of U.S. Pub. No. 2011/0087212, entitled “Surgical Generator for Ultrasonic and Electrosurgical Devices,” published Apr. 14, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,986,302, issued Mar. 24, 2015, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein. It should also be understood that at least some of the functionality of generator (230) may be integrated into a module that is separate from reusable assembly (200). Still other suitable forms that generator (230) may take, as well as various features and operabilities that generator (230) may provide, will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

An operator may activate buttons (126, 220) to selectively activate transducer assembly (240) to thereby activate ultrasonic blade (190). Buttons (126, 220) of the present example are positioned such that an operator may readily fully operate instrument (10) with a single hand. For instance, the operator may position their thumb about pistol grip (204), position their middle, ring, and/or little finger about trigger (120), and manipulate button (126) using their index finger. The operator may also use their thumb or index finger to manipulate either button (220). Of course, any other suitable techniques may be used to grip and operate instrument (204); and buttons (126, 220) may be located at any other suitable positions. In some versions, button (126) activates ultrasonic blade (190) at a low power and buttons (220) activate ultrasonic blade (190) at a high power. In some other versions, instrument (10) is operable to apply RF energy to tissue via end effector (180), in addition to providing ultrasonic energy at blade (190). In some such versions, buttons (220) are operable to selectively apply such RF energy. By way of example only, buttons (220), button (126), generator (230), and associated components may be operable in accordance with at least some of the teachings of U.S. Pub. No. 2015/0141981, entitled “Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument with Electrosurgical Feature,” published May 21, 2015, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,949,785, issued Apr. 24, 2018, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

Battery (205) is fully contained in pistol grip (204) and is configured to provide sufficient power to drive generator (230) in the present example. In some versions, battery (205) is rechargeable. In addition or in the alternative, housings (202) may be configured to permit removability/replacement of battery (205). In addition or in the alternative, reusable portion (200) may include a feature (e.g., cable port, inductive coupling coil, etc.) enabling battery (205) to be recharged. Such recharging may be performed before and/or after instrument (10) is used in a surgical procedure. As yet another merely illustrative example, a recharge port may enable an operator to provide operational power to generator (230) via a cable. Such wired power may be used to recharge battery (205) while also providing operational power to generator (230). By way of example only, instrument (10) may incorporate battery (205) in accordance with at least some of the teachings of U.S. Pub. No. 2014/0207124, entitled “Surgical Instrument with Selectable Integral or External Power Source,” published Jul. 24, 2014, now abandoned, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein. In some other variations, battery (205) is omitted altogether, such that generator (230) receives electrical power via cable or in some other fashion.

While generator (230) is fixedly secured within housings (202), transducer assembly (240) is operable to rotate within housings (202). As shown in FIGS. 48-49, generator (230) is coupled with transducer assembly (240) via a spindle (232), such that transducer assembly (240) receives electrical power from generator (230) via spindle (232). Spindle (232) is an integral feature of transducer assembly (240) that is rotatable within generator (230) while maintaining electrical continuity between generator (230) and transducer assembly (240). It should be understood that slip rings and/or other kinds of couplings may be used to maintain electrical continuity between wires, traces, and/or other kinds of electrical conduits in spindle (232) and electrical components in generator (230). Various suitable features and relationships will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

As best seen in FIGS. 49-50, transducer assembly (240) of the present example comprises a proximal casing (242), a distal casing (244), a mount (246), a head (248), a bolt (250), an endmass (252), a set of piezoelectric discs (254), and a horn (256). Casings (242, 244) are threadably coupled together and contain mount (246), head (248), bolt (250), endmass (252) and piezoelectric discs (254). Distal casing (244) includes an annular flange (241) and an angularly spaced array of longitudinally extending splines (243). Mount (246) is interposed between an outer diameter of horn (256) and an inner diameter of distal casing (244). Mount (246) thereby provides structural support for horn (256) in casing (244). Mount (246) is fixedly secured to horn (256) and to casing (244), such that the contents within casings (242, 244) rotate unitarily with casings (242, 244). Mount (246) nevertheless provides acoustic isolation of the contents of within casings (242, 244) relative to casings (242, 244). In the present example, mount (246) is located at a longitudinal position corresponding to a node associated with ultrasonic vibrations that are communicated through horn (256) when ultrasonic transducer assembly (240) is activated.

Bolt (250) compresses piezoelectric discs (254) between horn (256) and endmass (252). Head (248) is configured to provide electrical coupling between piezoelectric discs (254) and spindle (232). When piezoelectric discs (254) receive electrical power from generator (230) via spindle (232) and head (248), piezoelectric discs (254) vibrate ultrasonically. These ultrasonic vibrations are communicated to horn (256). Horn (256) communicates these ultrasonic vibrations to waveguide (192) when disposable assembly (100) is coupled with reusable assembly (200). To provide such communication, the distal end of horn (256) includes a threaded recess (258), which is configured to threadably receive threaded stud (196) of waveguide (192). As will be described as greater detail below, torque wrench assembly (260) is configured to rotatably drive threaded stud (196) into threaded recess (258) with an appropriate amount of torque, avoiding a condition where waveguide (192) is over-torqued relative to horn (256).

As shown in FIGS. 49-51, torque wrench assembly (260) of the present example comprises a pawl ring (270) and a drive member (280). FIGS. 52-56 show pawl ring (270) in greater detail. Pawl ring (270) of this example comprises an outer annular flange (272). Flange (272) includes a notch (273) that is configured to receive a complementary boss rail (not shown) formed in housing (202). This relationship provides a rotational grounding for pawl ring (270), such that pawl ring (270) is prevented from rotating within housing (202). Nevertheless, the relationship between the boss rail and notch (273) enables pawl ring (270) to translate longitudinally within housing (202). Pawl ring (270) of the present example further comprises a first resilient arm (274) and a second resilient arm (278). Resilient arm (274) includes a pawl (275) and a latch (276). Pawl (275) is directed radially inwardly and extends longitudinally. Latch (276) is directed radially inwardly and extends transversely. Resilient arm (274) is resiliently biased to assume the position shown in FIGS. 52-56. However, resilient arm (274) is operable to flex outwardly as will be described in greater detail below. Second resilient arm (278) also includes a pawl (279), which is directed radially inwardly and extends longitudinally. Resilient arm (278) is resiliently biased to assume the position shown in FIGS. 52-56. However, resilient arm (278) is operable to flex outwardly as will be described in greater detail below. Pawl ring (270) also includes an upwardly extending tab (261). As shown in FIGS. 8, 45-47, 60A-61C, and 63-64, tab (261) is located within upper window (206) of housing (202), such that an operator may engage tab (261) to slide pawl ring (270) longitudinally as will be described in greater detail below.

FIGS. 57-59 show drive member (280) in greater detail. Drive member (280) of this example comprises an angularly spaced array of longitudinally extending splines (282), a proximal outer annular flange (284), an intermediate flange (285), a latching flange (286), and an angularly spaced array of rigid pawls (288). Drive member (280) is positioned in housing (202) such that integral boss (212) is captured between flanges (284, 285). Integral boss (212) thus prevents drive member (280) from translating relative to housing (202). However, integral boss (212) permits drive member (280) to rotate relative to housing (202). Pawls (288) are directed radially outwardly and extend longitudinally. Splines (282) of drive member (280) are configured to mesh with splines (242) of distal casing (244) of transducer assembly (240). Due to this engagement, drive member (280) rotates unitarily with transducer assembly (240). However, this engagement still permits transducer assembly (240) to translate longitudinally relative to drive member (280). Pawls (288) of drive member (280) are configured to interact with pawls (275, 279) of pawl ring (270) during coupling of waveguide (190) with horn (256), as will be described in greater detail below.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 47, a coil spring (262) is interposed between integral boss (216) of housing (202) and flange (241) of casing (244). Coil spring (262) is resiliently biased to urge transducer assembly (240) distally within housing (202). However, integral boss (214) is configured to engage flange (241) of casing (244) to restrict distal movement of transducer assembly (240) in housing (202). Similarly, as also shown in FIGS. 8 and 47, a coil spring (264) is interposed between integral boss (212) of housing (202) and flange (272) of pawl ring (270). Coil spring (264) thus urges pawl ring (270) distally within housing (202). However, integral boss (210) is configured to engage flange (272) of pawl ring (270) to restrict distal movement of pawl ring (270) in housing (202). It should be understood that one or both of coil springs (262, 264) are intentionally omitted from various drawings of the present disclosure for clarity.

IV. Coupling of Acoustic Drivetrain

FIGS. 60A-64 show how torque wrench assembly (260) operates to mechanically and acoustically couple waveguide (192) with horn (256) in the present example. In particular, FIGS. 60A and 61A show reusable assembly (200) in a mode where reusable assembly (200) is ready to receive disposable assembly (100). In this mode, pawl ring (270) is positioned proximally in housing (202), as indicated by the proximal positioning of tab (261) in upper window (206) of housing (202). When the operator wishes to couple disposable assembly (100) with reusable assembly (200), the operator first inserts the proximal end of body (110) into distal recess (208) of reusable assembly (200), as shown in FIGS. 60B and 61B. At this stage, threaded stud (196) of waveguide (192) is longitudinally aligned with threaded recess (258) of horn (256) and is in contact with the distal end of horn (256). In order to threadably drive stud (196) into recess (258), the operator grasps reusable assembly (200) with one hand and knob (156) with the other hand, then rotates knob (156) relative to reusable assembly (200) to rotate shaft assembly (150) relative to reusable assembly (200), about the longitudinal axis of shaft assembly (150).

FIGS. 62A-62F show key interactions that occur while shaft assembly (150) is being rotated relative to reusable assembly (200) to threadably drive stud (196) into recess (258). As noted above, transducer assembly (240) and drive member (280) are rotatable within housing (202) while pawl ring (270) is not rotatable within housing (202). As also noted above, transducer assembly (240) and pawl ring (270) are translatable within housing (202) while drive member (280) is not translatable within housing (202). FIG. 62A shows torque wrench assembly (260) in a state where no pawls (288) of drive member (280) are in contact with either pawl (275, 279) of pawl ring (270). Thus, as the operator rotates shaft assembly (150) through a first range of motion (e.g., while bearing proximally on disposable assembly (100)), friction may transfer such rotation to transducer assembly (240) and drive member (280). This may cause transducer assembly (240) and drive member (280) to rotate to the position shown in FIG. 62B. In this state, a pawl (288) of drive member (280) is in contact with pawl (279) of pawl ring (270). Pawls (288, 279) thereby cooperate to provide a rotational ground for transducer assembly (240) and drive member (280). In other words, transducer assembly (240) and drive member (280) are rotationally grounded relative to housing (202) at this stage. The rotational grounding of drive member (280) is provided to transducer assembly (240) due to the meshing of splines (243, 282).

As the operator continues to rotate shaft assembly (150) through a second range of motion while pawls (288, 279) cooperate to provide a rotational ground for drive member (280) and transducer assembly (240), stud (196) is threadably driven into recess (258). In particular, while waveguide (192) remains longitudinally stationary relative to housing (202), transducer assembly (240) advances distally within housing (202) to permit driving of stud (196) into recess (258). As noted above, coil spring (262) resiliently biases transducer assembly (240) distally to promote this distal advancement of transducer assembly (240) within housing (202). The configuration of splines (243, 282) further permits transducer assembly (240) to translate longitudinally relative to drive member (280) while maintaining the rotary coupling of transducer assembly (240) with drive member (280).

Once stud (196) reaches a certain degree of insertion into recess (258), the fit between waveguide (192) and horn (256) begins to tighten, resulting in an increase in torque that is applied through the pawl (288) that is engaged with pawl (279). This eventually causes resilient arm (278) to deflect radially outwardly, as shown in FIG. 62C. Pawls (288, 279) include complementary cam surfaces that cooperate to provide such deflection of resilient arm (278) once the coupling between waveguide (192) and horn (256) reaches a certain torque level. As the operator continues to rotate shaft assembly (150), pawl (288) eventually clears pawl (279), at which point the resilience of arm (278) drives pawl (279) back radially inwardly as shown in FIG. 62D. This action of pawl (279) may create a snapping/clicking sound and/or a snapping/clicking tactile sensation that may be felt by the hand grasping reusable assembly (200) and/or the hand grasping knob (156). The operator is thus alerted that the coupling of waveguide (192) and horn (256) is close to reaching a desirable level of torque.

As the operator continues to rotate shaft assembly (150), that same pawl (288) of drive member (280) encounters pawl (275) of pawl ring (270). Again through a camming action between pawls (288, 275), pawl (288) causes resilient arm (274) to deflect radially outwardly, as shown in FIG. 62E. As the operator continues to rotate shaft assembly (150), pawl (288) eventually clears pawl (275), at which point the resilience of arm (274) drives pawl (275) back radially inwardly as shown in FIG. 62F. This action of pawl (275) may create a snapping/clicking sound and/or a snapping/clicking tactile sensation that may be felt by the hand grasping reusable assembly (200) and/or the hand grasping knob (156). The operator is thus alerted that the coupling of waveguide (192) and horn (256) is has reached a desirable level of torque. In other words, the operator is alerted by a set of two snapping/clicking sounds and/or tactile sensations. Of course, torque wrench assembly (260) may alternatively be configured to provide any other suitable number of snapping/clicking sounds and/or tactile sensations to alert the operator that the coupling of waveguide (192) and horn (256) is has reached a desirable level of torque.

FIG. 63 shows another condition that occurs when the coupling process reaches the stage shown in FIG. 62E. As noted above, resilient arm (274) is deflected radially outwardly at this stage, due to a camming action between pawls (288, 275). As a result of this deflection, and as shown in FIG. 63, latch (276) of pawl ring (270) is positioned to clear latching flange (286) of drive member (280). With latch (276) disengaged from latching flange (286), coil spring (264) drives pawl ring (270) distally, to the position shown in FIGS. 60C and 61C. It should be understood that coil spring (264) is intentionally omitted from FIGS. 60C, 61C, and 63 for clarity. It should also be understood that, during the stages shown in FIGS. 60A-60B, 61A-61B, and 62A-62D, latch (276) and latching flange (286) cooperate to maintain the longitudinal position of pawl ring (270) in housing (202), despite the distal bias provided by coil spring (264).

When pawl ring (270) is in the distal position as shown in FIGS. 60C and 61C, tab (261) is also in a distal position within upper window (206). Thus, in addition to (or in lieu of) observing audible/tactile clicks/snaps, the operator may observe the longitudinal position of tab (261) in upper window (206) to determine whether waveguide (192) is coupled with horn (256) at a desired level of torque.

Also when pawl ring (270) is in the distal position as shown in FIGS. 60C and 61C, pawls (275, 279) extend along a longitudinal range that is distal to the longitudinal range along which pawls (288) extend. In other words, when the operator rotates shaft assembly (150) after reaching the stage shown in 60C and 61C, pawls (288) will not engage pawls (275, 279). The operator may thus freely use knob (156) to reorient end effector (180) about the longitudinal axis of shaft assembly (150) during a surgical procedure. It should be understood from the foregoing that the same knob (156) that is used to rotate shaft assembly (150) to reorient end effector (180) about the longitudinal axis of shaft assembly (150) may also be used to rotate shaft assembly (150) to threadably couple waveguide (192) with horn (256). It should also be understood from the foregoing that the rotational grounding required to provide threaded coupling of waveguide (192) with horn (256) is fully integrated and contained in housing (202) of reusable assembly (200). In other words, the operator does not need to grasp an otherwise rotatable feature and hold that feature stationary while rotating knob (156) to threadably couple waveguide (192) with horn (256).

After a surgical procedure is complete, or even during a surgical procedure (e.g., to clean one or more portions of shaft assembly (150) as described above, etc.), it may be desirable to remove disposable assembly (100) from reusable assembly (200). In order to accomplish this, the operator may slide tab (261) proximally in upper window (206), as shown in FIG. 64. Due to complementary cam features of latch (275) and latching flange (286), the resulting proximal movement of pawl ring (270) causes latch (275) to deflect outwardly and then snap back into place to re-engage flange (286). Pawl ring (270) is thereby retained in the proximal position. With pawl ring (270) back in this proximal position, pawls (288) are again longitudinally positioned to engage pawl (275). In particular, pawl (288) will eventually engage pawl (275) in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. 62F. Thus, when the operator rotates shaft assembly (150) counterclockwise relative to reusable assembly (200), pawl (275) will provide a rotational ground for transducer assembly (240). Moreover, resilient arm (274) will not deflect outwardly as the operator rotates shaft assembly (150) counterclockwise to unscrew stud (196) from recess (258). Once stud (196) is unscrewed from recess (258), the operator may pull disposable assembly (100) from reusable assembly (200). The same disposable assembly (100) or another disposable assembly (100) may then be re-coupled with reusable assembly (200), using the same process described above.

V. Exemplary Alternative Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument

FIGS. 65-66 show an exemplary alternative ultrasonic surgical instrument (300). Instrument (300) of this example is substantially identical to instrument (10) described above, except as otherwise described below. For instance, like instrument (10) described above, instrument (300) of the present example comprises a disposable assembly (400) and a reusable assembly (500). The distal portion of reusable assembly (500) is configured to removably receive the proximal portion of disposable assembly (400), as seen in FIGS. 65-66, to form instrument (300). To the extent that the following discussion omits various details of instrument (300), it should be understood that instrument (300) may incorporate the various details described above with respect to instrument (10). Alternatively, other suitable details will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

A. Disposable Assembly of Exemplary Alternative Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument

FIGS. 67-73 show disposable assembly (400) in greater detail. Disposable assembly (400) of the present example comprises a body portion (410), a shaft assembly (450) extending distally from body portion (410), and an end effector (480) located at the distal end of shaft assembly (450). Body portion (410) comprises a pair of housing halves (412, 414). As best seen in FIG. 68, housing halves (412, 414) together define an upper opening (416), as will be described in greater detail below. As best seen in FIGS. 69-70, housing half (414) also defines a cam ramp (418). It should be understood that housing half (412) may also define a similar cam ramp to correspond with cam ramp (418) of housing half (414). Cam ramp (418) will be described in greater detail below.

FIGS. 71-73 show a coupling assembly (420) that is incorporated into shaft assembly (450) in the present example. Coupling assembly (420) includes an upper member (422) and a lower member (424). As best seen in FIG. 73, members (422, 424) together define an annular recess (425). Annular recess (425) is configured to receive a corresponding annular flange (427) of a knob (456) of shaft assembly (456). Thus, coupling assembly (420) translates unitarily with knob (456). However, knob (456) rotates freely relative to coupling assembly (420) in this example. Upper member (422) includes a proximally extending arm (426). Arm (426) has an integral latching feature (428), as will be described in greater detail below. Arm (426) is resiliently biased to assume the upward positioning shown in FIGS. 72-73. However, depending on the longitudinal position of coupling assembly (420) in body (410), cam ramp (418) may bear downwardly on arm (426) to deflect arm (426) downwardly from its natural position. Longitudinal movement of coupling assembly (420) in body (410) will be described in greater detail below.

The other components of disposable assembly (400) are substantially identical to corresponding components of disposable assembly (100) described above.

B. Reusable Assembly of Exemplary Alternative Ultrasonic Surgical Instrument

FIGS. 74-78 show reusable assembly (500) in greater detail. Reusable assembly (500) of this example comprises a battery (505), a generator (530), an ultrasonic transducer assembly (540), and a torque wrench assembly (560). Torque wrench assembly (560) is operable to couple a waveguide of shaft assembly (450) with an ultrasonic transducer horn (556) of transducer assembly (540). Torque wrench assembly (560) of the present example comprises a pawl ring (570), among other components. Those other components, including a drive member (580), are substantially identical to corresponding components of torque wrench assembly (260) described above.

FIGS. 75-78 show pawl ring (570) in greater detail. Pawl ring (570) of the present example comprises an annular flange (572), a first resilient arm (574) and a second resilient arm (578). Resilient arm (574) includes a pawl (575) and a latch (576). Pawl (575) is directed radially inwardly and extends longitudinally. Latch (576) is directed radially inwardly and extends transversely. Resilient arm (574) is resiliently biased to assume the position shown in FIGS. 75-78. However, resilient arm (574) is operable to flex outwardly as will be described in greater detail below. Second resilient arm (578) also includes a pawl (579), which is directed radially inwardly and extends longitudinally. Resilient arm (578) is resiliently biased to assume the position shown in FIGS. 75-78. However, resilient arm (578) is operable to flex outwardly as will be described in greater detail below. Pawl ring (570) also includes a distally projecting latch (571).

C. Coupling of Alternative Disposable Assembly with Alternative Reusable Assembly

FIGS. 79A-80D show how torque wrench assembly (560) operates to mechanically and acoustically couple a waveguide of shaft assembly (450) with horn (556) in the present example. In particular, FIGS. 79A and 80A show reusable assembly (500) in a mode where reusable assembly (500) is ready to receive disposable assembly (400). In this mode, pawl ring (570) is positioned proximally in housing (502). When the operator wishes to couple disposable assembly (400) with reusable assembly (500), the operator first inserts the proximal end of body (410) into distal recess (508) of reusable assembly (500), as shown in FIGS. 79B and 80B. At this stage, a threaded stud of the waveguide of shaft assembly (450) is longitudinally aligned with a threaded recess of horn (556) and is in contact with the distal end of horn (556). As the operator inserts the proximal end of body (410) into distal recess (508) of reusable assembly (500), latch (571) of pawl ring (570) enters upper opening (416) of body (410).

The operator then pulls knob (456) proximally, as shown in FIGS. 79C and 80C. This drives knob (456) and coupling assembly (420) proximally relative to other components of shaft assembly (450). As a result of this proximal movement of coupling assembly (420), latching feature (428) of arm (426) engages latch (571) of pawl ring (570). The upward bias of arm (426) maintains engagement between latching feature (428) and latch (571) when knob (456) and coupling assembly (420) are in the proximal position relative to housing (502). Thereafter, in order to threadably couple the waveguide with horn (556), the operator grasps reusable assembly (500) with one hand and knob (456) with the other hand, then rotates knob (456) relative to reusable assembly (500) to rotate shaft assembly (450) relative to reusable assembly (500), about the longitudinal axis of shaft assembly (550). As described above with respect to torque wrench assembly (260), torque wrench assembly (560) of this example provides a rotational ground for transducer assembly (540) as shaft assembly (450) is rotated. During this process, a pawl of drive member (580) eventually engages pawl (579) of pawl ring (570), then pawl (575) of pawl ring (570), to provide the two snaps/clicks associated with a proper level of torque between the waveguide and horn (556). This interaction may be substantially identical to that described above with reference to FIGS. 62A-F. It should therefore be understood that latch (576) of pawl ring (570) will eventually be driven out of engagement with latch flange (586) of drive member (580). When latch (576) has disengaged latch flange (586), a coil spring (564) will drive pawl ring (570) distally in housing (502), as shown in FIGS. 79D and 80D.

With pawl ring (570) in the distal position as shown in FIGS. 79D and 80D, pawls (575, 579) are longitudinally positioned such that they will not engage pawls of drive member (580). The combination of shaft assembly (450) and transducer assembly (540) is thus free to rotate as a unit relative to housing (502). As can also be seen in FIGS. 79A and 80D, when pawl ring (570) travels distally, latch (571) engages cam ramp (418) and is urged upwardly. In particular, cam ramp (418) disengages latch (571) from latching feature (428) of arm (426). This enables knob (450) to be advanced distally relative to housing (502), without also advancing pawl ring (570) distally any further. It should be understood that instrument (300) is ready for use in a surgical procedure after reaching the stage shown in FIGS. 79D and 80D. The operator may thus freely use knob (456) to reorient end effector (480) about the longitudinal axis of shaft assembly (450) during a surgical procedure.

It should be understood from the foregoing that the same knob (456) that is used to rotate shaft assembly (450) to reorient end effector (480) about the longitudinal axis of shaft assembly (450) may also be used to rotate shaft assembly (450) to threadably couple the waveguide with horn (556). It should also be understood from the foregoing that the rotational grounding required to provide threaded coupling of the waveguide with horn (556) is fully integrated and contained in housing (502) of reusable assembly (500). In other words, the operator does not need to grasp an otherwise rotatable feature and hold that feature stationary while rotating knob (456) to threadably couple the waveguide with horn (556).

After a surgical procedure is complete, or even during a surgical procedure (e.g., to clean one or more portions of shaft assembly (450) as described above, etc.), it may be desirable to remove disposable assembly (400) from reusable assembly (500). In order to accomplish this, the operator may slide knob (456) proximally again relative to housing (502). Sliding knob (456) proximally relative to housing (502) causes coupling assembly (420) to slide proximally relative to housing (502). As coupling assembly (420) slides proximally relative to housing (502), arm (426) engages pawl ring (570) and drives pawl ring proximally relative to housing (502). Due to complementary cam features of latch (576) and latching flange (586), the proximal movement of pawl ring (570) causes latch (576) to deflect outwardly and then snap back into place to re-engage flange (586). Pawl ring (570) is thereby retained in the proximal position. With pawl ring (570) back in this proximal position, the pawls of drive member (280) are again longitudinally positioned to engage pawl (575). In particular, a pawl of drive member (280) will eventually engage pawl (575) in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. 62F. Thus, when the operator rotates shaft assembly (450) counterclockwise relative to reusable assembly (500), pawl (575) will provide a rotational ground for transducer assembly (540). Moreover, resilient arm (574) will not deflect outwardly as the operator rotates shaft assembly (450) counterclockwise to unscrew the waveguide from horn (556). Once the waveguide is unscrewed from horn (556), the operator may pull disposable assembly (400) from reusable assembly (500). The same disposable assembly (400) or another disposable assembly (400) may then be re-coupled with reusable assembly (500), using the same process described above.

VI. Exemplary Disposable Assembly with Usage Indicator

In some instances, it may be desirable to provide some form of visual indication that shows whether and/or how many times a disposable assembly (100, 400) has been used. Such indication may be observed by the operator to determine that the disposable assembly (100, 400) should no longer be used, such that the disposable assembly (100, 400) should be replaced. By way of example only, a usage indicator may be configured to indicate the number of uses that have occurred, the number of uses remaining, and/or the end of the life of the disposable assembly (100, 400). A usage indicator may be temporary or permanent.

FIG. 81 shows an exemplary alternative disposable assembly (600) that may readily incorporated into instrument (10) in place of disposable assembly (100). Disposable assembly (600) of this example is substantially identical to disposable assembly (100) described above. For instance, disposable assembly (600) includes a pivotable trigger (620), a mode selection knob (630), and a shaft assembly (650), which are identical to trigger (120), mode selection knob (130), and shaft assembly (150), respectively. However, unlike disposable assembly (100), disposable assembly (600) of this example further includes a usage indicator (670). Usage indicator (670) of this example comprises a linearly arranged array of discrete visual indicators (672). By way of example only, usage indicator (670) may be configured such that the first visual indicator (672) activates the first time disposable assembly (600) is used, the second visual indicator (672) activates the second time disposable assembly (600) is used, and so on. The non-activated visual indicators (672) thus indicate the remaining number of uses available. When all visual indicators (672) are activated, this will indicate that disposable assembly (600) has reached the end of its life, such that disposable assembly (600) should be disposed of (and replaced with a new disposable assembly (600), if the operator wishes to continue using instrument (10)).

Visual indicators (672) may be energized by a battery (e.g., coin cell or button cell, etc.) located in disposable assembly (600), an energized capacitor located in disposable assembly (600), an electrical connector between disposable assembly (600) and reusable assembly (200, 500), and/or using any other suitable power source in any other suitable location. In versions where an electrical connector is provided between disposable assembly (600) and reusable assembly (200, 500), the electrical connector may transmit voltage and current from reusable assembly (200, 500) to disposable assembly (600) while the instrument is assembled, based on meeting the appropriate usage criteria. Visual indicators (672) may be located on a surface that is only visible when disposable assembly (600) is removed from reusable assembly (200, 500), as noted below. Various suitable electrical components that may be incorporated into usage indicator (670) in order to successively illuminate Visual indicators (672) in response to usage of instrument (10) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

While visual indicators (672) are shown as being arranged in a linear array, it should be understood that any other suitable arrangement may be used. Similarly, while visual indicators (672) are shown as being positioned on the lateral side of disposable assembly (600), visual indicators (672) may instead be positioned at any other suitable location(s) on disposable assembly (600). In some versions, visual indicators (672) are visible when disposable assembly (600) is coupled with reusable assembly (200). In some other versions, visual indicators (672) are obscured when disposable assembly (600) is coupled with reusable assembly (200), such that visual indicators (672) are only visible when disposable assembly (600) is decoupled from reusable assembly (200).

FIG. 82 shows another exemplary alternative disposable assembly (700) that may readily incorporated into instrument (10) in place of disposable assembly (100). Disposable assembly (700) of this example is substantially identical to disposable assembly (100) described above. For instance, disposable assembly (700) includes a pivotable trigger (720), a mode selection knob (730), and a shaft assembly (750), which are identical to trigger (120), mode selection knob (130), and shaft assembly (150), respectively. However, unlike disposable assembly (100), disposable assembly (700) of this example further includes a usage indicator (770). Usage indicator (770) of this example comprises a single indicator that is activated when the end of life of disposable assembly (700) has been reached. In some versions, usage indicator (770) comprises an LED or other light source. In the present example, usage indicator (770) comprises one or more thermochromic materials (772). Thermochromic material (772) is configured to change in visual appearance in response to an increase in temperature. For instance, before disposable assembly (700) is used, thermochromic material (772) may be black; and then turn red or some other color after disposable assembly (700) is used. Various suitable kinds of materials and combinations of materials that may be used to form thermochromic material (772) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. It should also be understood that visual indicator (672) described above may comprise a thermochromic material.

In some versions, thermochromic material (772) is coupled with one or more features of disposable assembly (700) that are electrically activated during use of an instrument (10) incorporating disposable assembly (700). For instance, a resistor may be used to generate heat in response to electrical activation of components in disposable assembly (700) during use of an instrument (10) incorporating disposable assembly (700). Other suitable ways in which thermochromic material (772) may be heated due to use of an instrument (10) incorporating disposable assembly (700) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. It should also be understood that some versions of thermochromic material (772) may be configured to maintain a changed color even after the temperature falls back to a level where it was before disposable assembly (700) was used. For instance, before disposable assembly (700) is used, thermochromic material (772) may be black. When thermochromic material (772) is heated in response to use of disposable assembly (700), thermochromic material (772) changes red (or some other color). After disposable assembly (700) is used and thermochromic material (772) cools back down to the same temperature it was at before disposable assembly (700) was used, the color of thermochromic material (772) may remain red (or some other color indicating use).

By way of example only, thermochromic material (772) may comprise a thermochromic material by LCR Hallcrest of Glenview, Ill. Other suitable forms that thermochromic material (772) may take, as well as various other ways in which thermochromic material (772) may be incorporated into disposable assembly (700), will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

In addition to or in lieu of using thermochromic material (772), usage indicator (770) may incorporate an exposed section of electrochromic material. Such electrochromic material may change color in response to an applied voltage and/or current. Such electrochromic material may be coupled with one or more features of disposable assembly (700) that are electrically activated during use of an instrument (10) incorporating disposable assembly (700). Various suitable ways in which an electrochromic material may be incorporated into disposable assembly (700) to visually indicate use of disposable assembly (700) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein. By way of example only, the electrochromic material may comprise an electrochromic ink by Chameleon Optics, Inc. of Bethlehem, Pa. Other suitable forms that electrochromic material may take, as well as various other ways in which electrochromic material may be incorporated into disposable assembly (700), will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

In addition to or in lieu of using thermochromic material (772) and/or electrochromic material, usage indicator (770) may incorporate a UV activated ink, a fuse assembly, and/or various other kinds of features that may provide visual indication that disposable assembly (700) has been used.

While disposable assemblies (600, 700) are both described as substitutes for disposable assembly (100), it should be understood that disposable assembly (400) may also be modified in accordance with disposable assemblies (600, 700). In other words, disposable assemblies (600, 700) may each be configured to couple with reusable assembly (500). Furthermore, usage indicators (670, 770) as described herein may be readily incorporated into various other kinds of surgical instruments, including but not limited to electrosurgical instrument, other ultrasonic surgical instruments, surgical stapling and cutting devices (e.g., endocutters, etc.), robotic surgical instruments, etc. Various suitable kinds of instruments in which usage indicators (670, 770) may be incorporated will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

VII. Miscellaneous

It should be understood from the foregoing that each instrument (10, 300) permits a disposable assembly (100, 400) to be removably coupled with a reusable assembly (200, 500). As noted above, it may be desirable to decouple a disposable assembly (100, 400) from a reusable assembly (200, 500) in order to clean disposable assembly (100, 400) and re-couple disposable assembly (100, 400) with reusable assembly (200, 500); or in order to replace a used disposable assembly (100, 400) with a new disposable assembly (100, 400). It should also be understood that reusable assemblies (200, 500) may be coupled with different kinds of disposable assemblies (100, 400). For instance, an operator may be presented with a selection of disposable assemblies (100, 400) having various lengths of shaft assemblies (150, 450), such that the operator may choose a disposable assembly (100, 400) having a shaft assembly (150, 450) length that is particularly suited for the task at hand. As another merely illustrative example, an operator may be presented with a selection of disposable assemblies (100, 400) having various kinds of end effectors (180, 480) (e.g., those with and without clamp arms (182), those with different configurations of blades (190), etc.). The operator may thus choose a disposable assembly (100, 400) having an end effector (180, 480) that is particularly suited for the task at hand. Various suitable ways in which operators may be provided with kits and other vehicles for modularity of disposable assemblies (100, 400) will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in view of the teachings herein.

It should be understood that any of the versions of instruments described herein may include various other features in addition to or in lieu of those described above. By way of example only, in addition to the teachings above, it should be understood that at least part of instrument (10, 300) may be constructed and operable in accordance with at least some of the teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 5,322,055; U.S. Pat. No. 5,873,873; U.S. Pat. No. 5,980,510; U.S. Pat. No. 6,325,811; U.S. Pat. No. 6,773,444; U.S. Pat. No. 6,783,524; U.S. Pub. No. 2006/0079874; U.S. Pub. No. 2007/0191713; U.S. Pub. No. 2007/0282333; U.S. Pub. No. 2008/0200940; U.S. Pub. No. 2009/0105750, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,623,027, issued Jan. 7, 2014; U.S. Pub. No. 2010/0069940, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,023,071, issued May 5, 2015; U.S. Pub. No. 2011/0015660, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,461,744, issued Jun. 11, 2013; U.S. Pub. No. 2012/0112687, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,381,058, issued Jul. 5, 2016; U.S. Pub. No. 2012/0116265; U.S. Pub. No. 2014/0005701, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,393,037, issued Jul. 19, 2016; U.S. Pub. No. 2014/0114334, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,095,367, issued Aug. 4, 2015; U.S. Pat. App. No. 61/410,603; and/or U.S. Pub. No. 2015/0080924. The disclosures of each of the foregoing patents, publications, and applications are incorporated by reference herein. It should also be understood that instrument (10, 300) may have various structural and functional similarities with the HARMONIC ACE® Ultrasonic Shears, the HARMONIC WAVE® Ultrasonic Shears, the HARMONIC FOCUS® Ultrasonic Shears, and/or the HARMONIC SYNERGY® Ultrasonic Blades. Furthermore, instrument (10) may have various structural and functional similarities with the devices taught in any of the other references that are cited and incorporated by reference herein.

To the extent that there is some degree of overlap between the teachings of the references cited herein, the HARMONIC ACE® Ultrasonic Shears, the HARMONIC WAVE® Ultrasonic Shears, the HARMONIC FOCUS® Ultrasonic Shears, and/or the HARMONIC SYNERGY® Ultrasonic Blades, and the teachings herein relating to instrument (10, 300), there is no intent for any of the description herein to be presumed as admitted prior art. Several teachings herein will in fact go beyond the scope of the teachings of the references cited herein and the HARMONIC ACE® Ultrasonic Shears, the HARMONIC WAVE® Ultrasonic Shears, the HARMONIC FOCUS® Ultrasonic Shears, and the HARMONIC SYNERGY® Ultrasonic Blades.

It should be appreciated that any patent, publication, or other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the extent that the incorporated material does not conflict with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the disclosure as explicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth herein will only be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material.

Versions of the devices described above may have application in conventional medical treatments and procedures conducted by a medical professional, as well as application in robotic-assisted medical treatments and procedures. By way of example only, various teachings herein may be readily incorporated into a robotic surgical system such as the DAVINCI™ system by Intuitive Surgical, Inc., of Sunnyvale, Calif. Similarly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various teachings herein may be readily combined with various teachings of U.S. Pat. No. 6,783,524, entitled “Robotic Surgical Tool with Ultrasound Cauterizing and Cutting Instrument,” published Aug. 31, 2004, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein.

Versions described above may be designed to be disposed of after a single use, or they can be designed to be used multiple times. Versions may, in either or both cases, be reconditioned for reuse after at least one use. Reconditioning may include any combination of the steps of disassembly of the device, followed by cleaning or replacement of particular pieces, and subsequent reassembly. In particular, some versions of the device may be disassembled, and any number of the particular pieces or parts of the device may be selectively replaced or removed in any combination. Upon cleaning and/or replacement of particular parts, some versions of the device may be reassembled for subsequent use either at a reconditioning facility, or by a user immediately prior to a procedure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that reconditioning of a device may utilize a variety of techniques for disassembly, cleaning/replacement, and reassembly. Use of such techniques, and the resulting reconditioned device, are all within the scope of the present application.

By way of example only, versions described herein may be sterilized before and/or after a procedure. In one sterilization technique, the device is placed in a closed and sealed container, such as a plastic or TYVEK bag. The container and device may then be placed in a field of radiation that can penetrate the container, such as gamma radiation, x-rays, or high-energy electrons. The radiation may kill bacteria on the device and in the container. The sterilized device may then be stored in the sterile container for later use. A device may also be sterilized using any other technique known in the art, including but not limited to beta or gamma radiation, ethylene oxide, or steam.

Having shown and described various embodiments of the present invention, further adaptations of the methods and systems described herein may be accomplished by appropriate modifications by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention. Several of such potential modifications have been mentioned, and others will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For instance, the examples, embodiments, geometrics, materials, dimensions, ratios, steps, and the like discussed above are illustrative and are not required. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be considered in terms of the following claims and is understood not to be limited to the details of structure and operation shown and described in the specification and drawings. 

We claim:
 1. An apparatus, comprising: (a) a body; (b) an ultrasonic transducer assembly; (c) a shaft assembly extending distally relative to the body, wherein the shaft assembly comprises an acoustic waveguide, wherein the acoustic waveguide is operable to selectively couple with the ultrasonic transducer assembly; (d) a coupling assembly, wherein at least a portion of the coupling assembly is disposed in the body, wherein the coupling assembly is operable to selectively transition between a first mode and a second mode; wherein the acoustic waveguide is configured to rotate with the ultrasonic transducer assembly relative to the body when the coupling assembly is in the first mode; wherein the acoustic waveguide is configured to rotate relative to the ultrasonic transducer assembly and relative to the body when the coupling assembly is in the second mode; wherein the coupling assembly is further configured to prevent the ultrasonic transducer assembly from rotating relative to the body when the coupling assembly is in the second mode; and (e) an end effector located at a distal end of the shaft assembly, wherein the end effector comprises: (i) an ultrasonic blade in acoustic communication with the acoustic waveguide, and (ii) a clamp arm pivotable toward and away from the ultrasonic blade; wherein the shaft assembly and the end effector are together configured to transition between an operational mode and a cleaning mode, wherein the ultrasonic blade move longitudinally from the proximal position to a distal position when transitioning from the operational mode to the cleaning mode.
 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coupling assembly comprises a translatable member, wherein the translatable member is translatable between a first position and a second position to transition the coupling assembly between the first mode and the second mode.
 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the shaft assembly defines a longitudinal axis, wherein the translatable member is translatable along the longitudinal axis to transition between the first and second positions.
 4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the waveguide has a proximal end including a first threaded feature, wherein the ultrasonic transducer assembly has a distal end including a second threaded feature, wherein the first threaded feature is configured to complement the second threaded feature such that the waveguide is configured to engage the ultrasonic transducer assembly through engagement between the first and second threaded features.
 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the coupling assembly comprises a pawl ring, wherein the pawl ring is configured to prevent the ultrasonic transducer assembly from rotating relative to the body when the coupling assembly is in the second mode, wherein the pawl ring is configured to permit the ultrasonic transducer assembly to rotate relative to the body when the coupling assembly is in the first mode.
 6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the pawl ring is configured to translate relative to the body between a first position and a second position, wherein the pawl ring is configured to permit the ultrasonic transducer assembly to rotate relative to the body when the pawl ring is in the first position, wherein the pawl ring is configured to prevent the ultrasonic transducer assembly from rotating relative to the body when the pawl ring is in the second position.
 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the pawl ring comprises torque limiting feature configured to provide a limit on a torque at which the waveguide may be rotated relative to the ultrasonic transducer assembly.
 8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the pawl ring includes a tab, wherein the tab is operable to transition the pawl ring from the first position to the second position.
 9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the ultrasonic transducer assembly is configured to translate relative to the body when the coupling assembly is in the second mode.
 10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a drive ring coupling the pawl ring with the ultrasonic transducer assembly, wherein the drive ring and the ultrasonic transducer assembly comprise complementary splines, wherein the splines are configured to provide concomitant rotation of the drive ring and the ultrasonic transducer assembly while permitting the ultrasonic transducer assembly to translate relative to the drive ring.
 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the ultrasonic transducer assembly is configured to drive the pawl ring from the second position to the first position in response to rotation of the waveguide relative to the body assembly while the coupling assembly is in the second mode, thereby transitioning the coupling assembly from the second mode to the first mode.
 12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the shaft assembly further comprises: (i) a trigger, wherein the trigger is operable to selectively drive the clamp arm toward the ultrasonic blade, and (ii) a button, wherein the button is operable to selectively activate the ultrasonic transducer assembly to thereby activate the ultrasonic blade via the acoustic waveguide.
 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the shaft assembly is configured to removably couple with the body.
 14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the clamp arm is at a first pivotal position relative to the ultrasonic blade in the operational mode, wherein the clamp arm is at a second pivotal position relative to the ultrasonic blade in the cleaning mode.
 15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the shaft assembly comprises one or more cleaning ports configured to introduce cleaning fluid to at least one internal space within the shaft assembly, wherein the one or more cleaning ports are covered in the operational mode, wherein the one or more cleaning ports are exposed in the cleaning mode.
 16. An apparatus, comprising: (a) a body; (b) an ultrasonic transducer assembly; (c) a shaft assembly extending distally relative to the body, wherein the shaft assembly comprises: (i) an acoustic waveguide, wherein the acoustic waveguide is operable to selectively couple with the ultrasonic transducer assembly, and (ii) an outer sheath disposed about the acoustic waveguide; and (d) an end effector located at a distal end of the shaft assembly, wherein the end effector comprises: (i) an ultrasonic blade in acoustic communication with the acoustic waveguide, and (ii) a clamp arm pivotable toward and away from the ultrasonic blade; wherein the shaft assembly and the end effector are together configured to transition between an operational mode and a cleaning mode, wherein the ultrasonic blade and the acoustic waveguide are both at a first longitudinal position relative to the outer sheath in the operational mode, wherein the ultrasonic blade and the acoustic waveguide are both at a second longitudinal position relative to the outer sheath in the cleaning mode, wherein the second longitudinal position is distal to the first longitudinal position.
 17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the shaft assembly defines an interior space about the acoustic waveguide, wherein the shaft assembly further comprises a sealing feature, wherein the sealing feature is configured to provide proximal fluid access to the interior space in the cleaning mode, wherein the sealing feature is configured to prevent proximal fluid access to the interior space in the operational mode.
 18. A method of handling an apparatus, the apparatus comprising a body, a shaft assembly, and an end effector, wherein the shaft assembly extends distally from the body, wherein the shaft assembly comprises an acoustic waveguide and an outer sheath, wherein the shaft assembly further defines an interior space between the outer sheath and the acoustic waveguide, wherein the shaft assembly further comprises a fluid port and a translatable mode selection member, the method comprising: (a) receiving the apparatus while the shaft assembly is coupled with the body, wherein the fluid port is covered in the received apparatus; (b) decoupling the shaft assembly from the body; (c) translating the translatable mode selection member, wherein the act of translating the translatable mode selection member translates the acoustic waveguide relative to the outer sheath, wherein the act of translating the translatable mode selection member further exposes the fluid port; and (d) communicating a fluid through the exposed fluid port to the interior space between the outer sheath and the acoustic waveguide. 